A place for Liam to post essays, comments, diatribes and rants on life in general.

Those fond of Liam's humor essays, they have been moved here.

Friday, March 10, 2006

Not a Terrorist, but I still have something to fear...

I've been thinking more about what bothers me so much about warrantless spying on American citizens, when we're assured that this program is only in place to catch potential terrorist threats. There is, of course, the obvious (and somewhat abstract and theoretical) “Because it violates our privacy and the freedoms we're supposed to have as Americans”, but that argument doesn't hold much weight with the “I'd rather be safe than completely free” crowd.

I've come up with two arguments which I think demonstrate the very real risks involved, even to those who aren't terrorists. Well, to be fair, my wife came up with one of them, I came up with the other (and to be COMPLETELY fair, the one I “came up with” is an expansion on the germ of an idea I read elsewhere).

My wife's point is this: Warrantless spying, when American citizens are on one or both ends of the conversation, runs the very real risk of violating some privileges which are supposed to be above the law: Attorney Client privilege, Doctor Patient privilege, even Pastor/Priest/Rabbi/etc confessional privilege with members of their congregation. All three are protected and privileged conversations, and all three are things which no one but those expressly involved have any right to be part of. And all three are places where you might want to discuss privately things which are not illegal or damaging to anyone, but which you still wish to remain private.

Who needs the NSA having a record that you had a bout with depression or had hemorrhoid surgery? Why should the government have access to the knowledge that you had impure thoughts about your neighbor's wife? What business is it of anyone's that you've decided to leave all of your assets to one child, because you feel the other one has been a sorry excuse for an offspring? And you may ask “Where's the harm?”, but if you don't think it's secret information, then why have the three privileged classes of communication? It's not information that anyone has any right to, but if you happen (for example) to be politically inclined and decide to run for office, do you really want the incumbent against whom you are running to possibly have access to the fact that you had plastic surgery and regularly confess to the sin of masturbation? Couldn't that information, if made public, harm you, whether it represents illegal activity or not?

The second point is, I think, even scarier. As you may have noticed in the news recently, the Federal Government has been trying to get Google to turn over records of all searches done in a certain period. Initially, the request does not ask for IP addresses or any identifying information, but the request was made in order to track down pornographers, and the request was made under one of the powers of the Patriot Act. Remember, this is the same Patriot Act whose proponents insisted that opponents were being silly, because the Act was only to give the Government power to chase down terrorists and protect Americans. And now that same Act is being used to chase down purveyors of pornography.

So what, you ask, I'm against Pornography anyway? Yes, but the point is that the powers, once granted, will not remain unused, and will not be used only for what they were initially granted for. Today it's terrorism and maybe pornographers. Then maybe they decide to go after mass murderers, trying to identify them by their pattern of web searching. Then maybe they start going after drug users, based on drug-related searches. And then some enterprising politician, knowing he's got all of these secret Patriot Act powers, decides to search for seditious behavior, or maybe the legal but publicly embarrassing internet porn history of his political rivals. Imagine a modern-day Joe McCarthy with access to people's personal web search history.

Every ten years, the Census department goes around and counts us all, and we're asked to fill out a form with all sorts of personal information. We're assured that it will be used only for statistical purposes and that none of it will be released outside of the Census department attached to us in any way. It's supposed to be illegal for any Census collected data to be released to anyone else, and yet there is evidence that the Census information was key in helping to round up Americans of Japanese descent during the second World War. According to one site I found, Census-gathered information is routinely used in urban areas to detect “illegal two-family dwellings” and evict people from their homes. Supposedly secret information misused, and this is all PUBLIC, open to scrutiny and oversight.

And so the argument that warrantless wire-tapping is no risk to anyone with no terrorist leanings is simply not credible. Governments at all levels have repeatedly shown a marked inability to follow through on promises. Taxes passed on the basis of their being earmarked for one program then get spent on something different. “Debt Ceilings” are raised so often, it's a farce to even claim they have any legitimacy at all. And again, these are all public and overseen flauntings of the rules.

Both the Patriot Act and the NSA spying program may have been initiated with the best of intentions. The originators of both may honestly never have intended for them to be used except to protect Americans from another 9/11 style attack. But both have insufficient safeguards to ensure the powers thus granted are only used for the purposes for which they were enacted, and the spying program doesn't even have the benefit of any oversight at all, so we have only the word of the Administration and the NSA that they are only spying on terrorists, and only on international calls. If it's that easy to violate rules and regs when there IS oversight, what chance is there that a completely secret program with no one looking over will remain pure?

The road to hell, as they say, is paved with good intentions. This is not a road which I wish to see paved. I have no wish to make it any easier for us to get to that destination than it absolutely has to be.

Liam.

7 Comments:

Blogger Unknown said...

As it was stated in Liam's very well written piece, I agree with him fully in his opposition to certain parts of the Patriot Act. Getting back a right after it has been legislated is darn near impossible (and with our increasingly heavily right leaning supreme court, even more so).
Janet

Friday, March 10, 2006 7:16:00 AM

 
Blogger Liam said...

The only part of my wife's comment that I might take issue with is the impression that it is a "right-leaning" court that makes it difficult to recover rights.

A true conservative would be more than happy to read the Constitution, understand what's there (and what isn't) in terms of governmental power, and strike down anything not there.

However, the court is leaning not rightward, but rather "neo-conservativeward", into some serious judicial activism (to use correctly the Orwellian double-speak which has been used against more Constitutionally adept jurists).

But I know my wife didn't mean to tar all Conservatives, when it is the conservative movement's equivalent of extremist Muslim al Qaeda which is responsible for most of our problems today.

Liam.

(And no, I didn't just equate Conservatives with al Qaeda. In my analogy, I equated Conservatives with Muslims and the neoconservatives currently in power with al Qaeda, in terms of being an extremist group having co-opted the name of a much more respectable group and begun doing truly heinous things in that group's name.)

Friday, March 10, 2006 8:26:00 AM

 
Anonymous Anonymous said...

Reading the following from your comment, would you identify the judicial activism of the neo-conservatives on the court and maybe you could identify the neo conservatives on the court?


"However, the court is leaning not rightward, but rather "neo-conservativeward", into some serious judicial activism (to use correctly the Orwellian double-speak which has been used against more Constitutionally adept jurists)."

Friday, March 10, 2006 9:35:00 AM

 
Blogger Liam said...

I think I already have.

The absolute worst of them is Antonin Scalia, a man who has as much as said that rights do not exist unless laws are passed granting them, which means he has clearly not even read the Ninth Amendment.

He has said that the Constitution is not a "living document" and that it should be read as originally written, meaning that he has quite clearly not read the section of the original document which enumerates the specific methods by which the document is to be amended as needed.

Such a man is clearly not apt to return a right to the people that has been improperly (based on a strict reading of the Constitution) stripped from them. And as such, he is not, in fact, a conservative in the sense that he is not taking a conservative, constructionist view of the Constitution (even though he and his supporters claim to be "strict constructionists").

The neo-conservative judicial activism in this country is, in my opinion, anything which takes us away from the "Limited Governmental power, maximum possible citizens' rights, effectively checked and balanced branches of government" model which is clearly evident in the original intent of the document.

There are hints at areas of concern in the answers by Justice Alito during his confirmation hearings as well, when he references support for the "Unitary Executive Branch", a theory which the President is taking as meaning that since he's the Chief Executive, he therefore has sole jurisdiction on determining what does and does not violate laws (essentially saying that he's above the law, because if he says to do something, then that makes it legal). Justice Alito has not had enough decisions on the Court yet to know for certain, however.

But none of this is new, we've been over this ground before. It feels like the current standard mode of argument in the neoconservative controlled Republican party: Ignore any valid point made by the other side and just continue as if no such point had been made... and then eventually dismiss the argument as "old news".

Liam.

Friday, March 10, 2006 10:12:00 AM

 
Anonymous Anonymous said...

Reference your above sentence concerning Scalia's remark about "passing a law if you want a right". You have got me at a disadvantage because I do not know the context in which it was written, but I think it was in reference to the "right" to abortion. If I'm wrong let me know.

As for the 2nd paragraph of your comment, I think you are not looking at what the conservative movements interpretation of "living document" says. It means that a group of judges do not have the right interpret the Constitution except as it is written ie finding something in the shadow but is not written. I am somewhat disappointed that you would take his remark to mean that he didn't know that the writers of the Constitution didn't give us a way to change it.

I'm sorry if my asking for more info got you irritated.

Friday, March 10, 2006 2:32:00 PM

 
Blogger Liam said...

It's a long day at work, so the irritation is really not your fault.

I'll have to look up the original context. My recollection was that it was not in context of Abortion, though, that's why it concerned me so much. It didn't appear to be in relation to any specific thing, but a general statement of attitude towards citizens' rights.

And I think it's incredibly simplistic to say that judges can't interpret the law. The law (from the Constitution on down) can never be written to deal with every specific case that can come up, there's always going to be interpretation that goes on.

For example, a law that allows abortion in cases where the life of the mother is at risk. That'll be the text of the law, but then who decides when "at risk" is sufficiently at risk? There is a certain level of risk to pregnancy/childbirth. A small but significant number of women still die during it (although thankfully far fewer than ever before). A much smaller number die from complications from abortions (although still a non-zero number).

So technically, the mother's life is at increased risk merely by being pregnant. I'm not advocating that as justification for a "risk of life" exception, I'm simply saying that the law as written would probably be somewhat vague on that point, and it would be up to the judge to determine whether the risk to the life of the mother was sufficient to justify the exception. Does death have to be a certainty without the abortion in order for it to be legal? Does a doctor's best estimate that there's a 90% chance the mother will die suffice? If so, what about 85%? 50%? 30%?

It's all about interpretation, and the job of the Supreme Court above all others is to make sure that our rights as citizens are not infringed. They HAVE TO interpret the Constitution as it applies to, for example, the Internet because the most recent change TO the Constitition predated the Internet, and most of it predated computers and electronic technology.

The problem isn't with interpretation, the problem is when one person's interpretation disagrees with another's, but it's kind of hard to call it "activism" when both sides are relying on an interpretation.

For example, while I don't think the right to privacy is a good argument for Roe v. Wade, I do think that it's not terribly veiled in the Constitution that privacy was a right the framers intended. They never specifically used the term "privacy". This, in part, is because the term "privacy" had different meaning in colonial times. I need to look up my original source, but my recollection is that "privacy" was mostly a slang term for "outhouse", and so codifying a right to "privacy" in the Constitution would be like saying we had a right to "Life, Liberty and Bathroom".

I think it's incredibly dangerous to say that Justices can not judge laws against the Constitution if the case of the law is not expressly mentioned there, because that ultimately means that the process of amending the Constitution suddenly becomes as simple as passing a law which is not otherwise expressly referenced *IN* the Constitution.

The fact is, the Supreme Court exists as our last line of defense expressly for the purpose of preventing such abusive laws that run counter to the original intent. And it's perfectly OK that they have this power, because if the vast majority of people disagree, we still have a way to override them: With the Constitutional Amendment.

For example: Flag burning. The Court has (in my opinion correctly) interpreted Flag Burning as an expression of free speech, and thus protected under the First Amendment. You may not agree. If we get enough people who don't, we pass a Constitutional Amendment expressly making flag burning illegal, and now the Supreme Court has no choice.

If you can point to places where the Court has expressly DEFIED the text or intent of the Constitution, THOSE would count as Judicial activism. (For example, if the Congress and the various states passed an amendment banning flag burning and the Judiciary still found enforcement of that law to be improper.)

Merely interpreting the Constitution is not. In fact, it is their JOB.

Liam.

Friday, March 10, 2006 3:21:00 PM

 
Blogger Liam said...

OK, it turns out we were both PARTIALLY correct about Scalia's comments. He WAS referencing abortion, but he was ALSO talking about his views about laws in general. The full quote is:

"It may well be stupid, but if it's stupid, pass a law! Don't think the originalist interpretation constrains you. To the contrary. My Constitution is a very flexible Constitution. You want a right to an abortion? Create it the way all rights are created in a democracy, pass a law. The death penalty? Pass a law."

So you see, the concerning part is Scalia's assertion that all rights come from the government via the passage of laws. He says that. "...the way all rights are created ... pass a law". This is entirely antithetical to the original intent of the document.

Look, our Declaration of Independence talks of "certain inalienable Rights" and that among them are "life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness". They make it clear through the use of the phrase "among them" that this is not intended to be an exhaustive list.

Reading the Federalist papers, you can find out about the debates between the original framers over the Bill of Rights. Some argued against including such an enumeration of rights, lest future generations try to assert that by enumerating the rights, they were limiting rights to only those listed. The compromise on this was the Ninth Amendment, which says: The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. They put that in SPECIFICALLY to counter the argument that Scalia makes. You don't HAVE to pass a law to have a right. The intent of the Constitution is to spell out the rights, responsibilities and LIMITS on governmental power (especially Federal power).

Most of the rest of the Justices (except for Clarence Thomas, who publically agrees with Scalia) throughout history have understood the meaning of the ninth Amendment. Scalia apparently does not.

One last thing: I'll be writing more about this over the weekend in a main post, but check out this link, click on the "Listen" button next to "by Nina Totenberg". Sandra Day O'Connor had some very enlightening things to say about the role of the Supreme Court and the dangers our society faces today. Well worth a listen.

Liam.

P.S. I do note that Scalia's quote here seems to run counter to some of his other quotes about the Constitution not being a living document, so perhaps I misrepresented his position on that. Still, I think it's pretty clear what his position is on rights and where they come from. The founding fathers said they came from our "creator" (...all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights...). Scalia says they come from the Government. I know which interpretation feels more in line with everything I know about America.

Friday, March 10, 2006 6:46:00 PM

 

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